Updated February 17, 2025 at 20:47 PM ET
Amazon workers in North Carolina have voted against unionizing as the retail giant once again prevailed in its fight against labor organizing.
Around 4,300 workers at a warehouse in Garner, N.C., a suburb of Raleigh, were eligible to cast ballots over the past week. They voted whether to join the grassroots union called Carolina Amazonians United for Solidarity and Empowerment, or CAUSE.
Workers voted nearly 3-to-1 against unionizing. Federal labor officials' tally showed 829 votes in favor and 2,447 votes against, with 77 ballots set aside as challenged by either the union or the company.
Union organizers, who are current and former workers, said they would push for higher wages, more reliable hours, better safety measures and other changes. They faced a staunch opposition campaign by Amazon, which has long fought off efforts to organize its packers, delivery drivers and other employees.
In a statement, representatives of the CAUSE union said they had succeeded in getting a union vote in a few months "against all odds."
"We will continue organizing: this is only the beginning and we are building momentum in this struggle for worker power," they wrote. "Now it is time to regroup and strategize beyond the legal structures that were never made to work for us."
Amazon, which is the nation's second-largest private employer in the U.S. after Walmart, for its part has argued that its employees benefit from working without the involvement of unions and that it already offers better pay and perks than most in the industry.
"We're glad that our team in Garner was able to have their voices heard, and that they chose to keep a direct relationship with Amazon," company spokesperson Eileen Hards said in a statement on Saturday. "We look forward to continuing to make this a great place to work together, and to supporting our teammates as they build their futures with us."
In January, workers at one Amazon-owned Whole Foods location in Philadelphia voted to become the first unionized store in the chain. Whole Foods has since asked the National Labor Relations Board to disqualify the union's win, in part because the federal agency no longer has enough board members to certify the vote since President Trump fired a Democratic member.
The company continues to legally challenge its first unionized warehouse, in New York, nearly three years since the historic vote. In that time, the finances and internal cohesion of that upstart Amazon Labor Union deteriorated. The group has joined forces with the powerful International Brotherhood of Teamsters.
The Teamsters separately organized some of Amazon's delivery drivers, though the company also does not recognize this representation. In December, the union led drivers and warehouse workers in picketing multiple locations around the U.S., trying to draw more people into the union fold and press Amazon to begin negotiating collective-bargaining contracts.
Amazon is also appealing a November ruling by a federal labor judge that ordered a third union election — a re-redo — at a warehouse in Alabama. In the original 2021 vote, workers overwhelmingly rejected the union. U.S. labor officials later found Amazon illegally influenced the result. The second election's results remained too close to call for over two years, as the union and the company accused each other of breaking labor laws.
Amazon workers and federal labor investigators have filed numerous complaints alleging labor-law violations and illegal union-busting tactics by the company, which Amazon has denied and legally challenged. In fact, one of the company's lawsuits has questioned the very existence of the National Labor Relations Board, arguing its structure violates the Constitution.
NPR's James Doubek contributed to this report.
Editor's note: Amazon is among NPR's recent financial supporters.
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