Carole Butcher

North Dakota was still a brand-new state in January 1890. One of the first orders of business was a bill introduced in the state legislature to establish the North Dakota Agricultural College and Experimental Station. Plans moved quickly, and the bill was passed and signed by the governor in March. The college opened on January 3, 1892, with 123 students.

Dakota Territory was settled by a diverse population as people moved west to the Great Plains. Historian Stephanie Roper notes that, “Although Black people were never numerous, they entered the territory with the first white settlers and made a significant contribution to the land and its people.” After the Civil War, many freed slaves took advantage of the Homestead Act and moved to Dakota Territory to start new lives.

Birdwatching has become a popular pastime. Birdwatchers are convinced that birds have intrinsic value and that protecting them is essential. However, enthusiasm doesn’t always lead to social consensus. Elected officials answer to voters, and corporate executives answer to shareholders. University of Utah ornithologist Cagan Sekercioglu says that to influence policymakers, it’s crucial to “offer credible research showing that healthy bird populations are essential to human welfare.”

Modern Woodmen of America is the third-largest fraternal benefit society in terms of assets and has grown to over 700,000 members. The name was inspired by pioneer woodmen who “cleared forests to build homes and communities and provide security for their families.”

Professor E.F. Ladd was North Dakota’s food commissioner. Known as a determined enforcer of the state’s pure food and drug laws, Ladd was a determined watchdog for the safety of North Dakotans. In October 1911, he visited the Fargo branch of Armour and Company and requested to purchase three pounds of lard. Instead, he was sold a pail containing two pounds and six ounces. North Dakota’s pure food and drug law required that containers of lard contain one, three, or five pounds, or a multiple of those weights, and not a fraction. As a result of Ladd’s purchase, North Dakota took Armour and Company to court.

Harrison A. Bronson was born in Nunica, Michigan, on November 19, 1873. His Master of Arts degree was the first master's degree granted by the University of North Dakota. He earned his law degree from the University of Minnesota. In 1901, he opened a practice in East Grand Forks, Minnesota, but shortly after moved to Grand Forks, where he practiced until 1917. He served in the State Senate, followed by a stint as Assistant Attorney General. In 1918, he was elected to the Supreme Court. After six years, he retired and planned to return to Grand Forks.

Sitting Bull was born in Dakota Territory between 1831 and 1837, traditionally believed to be along the Yellowstone River in what is now Montana. At the age of fourteen, he joined his first war party and quickly earned a reputation for fearlessness in battle.

Cooperative organizations in the United States have their roots in the Industrial Revolution in England. Small, home-based businesses were replaced by large factories, and workers were forced to move to cities, where they endured harsh working conditions and low wages.

The road to the vote was a long one for North Dakota women. In 1883, they gained the right to vote in school elections. In 1885, state legislators laughed when J.A. Pickler introduced a bill granting universal suffrage to women. The measure passed, but Dakota Territory Governor Gilbert Pierce, claiming women didn’t want the vote, refused to sign it.

A shocking scandal involving P.M. Mattson of New Rockford broke on this date in 1900. Mattson, the state's attorney of Eddy County, faced sensational charges. Attorney E.C. Greene was in New Rockford to investigate allegations that Mattson had charged gamblers and blind piggers for protection. The charges were so serious that the state was considering initiating impeachment proceedings against him.